Data communication is essential for our digital world. It connects us with the devices and services that we rely on. It covers a range of techniques and technologies that govern how information flows from one end to another. Understanding how this works can help us create reliable and efficient networks that reap the benefits of increased connectivity, like better business efficiency as well as higher productivity and advancements in automation.
The principle of data communication is the transmission of data from one computer to the other via an intermediary or channel. It can be done via wire cables, satellite signal, radio frequency or wirelessly. The sender is the individual or device transmitting data, and the receiver is the device that receives the data. In a data communications network, more than two computers can be involved in the communication process.
Multiplexing and Demultiplexing are communication technologies that optimize bandwidth usage and cut costs. Both processes require specialized hardware which can combine and separate signals. This function is typically performed by custom integrated circuits, which are used in a wide range of communication products including cellphones, computers, and printers.
Full-duplex communications is the type of data communications that allows simultaneous two-way communication within two devices. This type of communication is more complex than simplex transmission since it requires the ability of sending and receiving data simultaneously.